Typewriting machine



April 20, 1937. F, R 2,078,075

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Nov. 19, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEY April 20, 1937. F. A. HART TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Nov. 19, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 WlTNESSES ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 20, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TYPEWRITING MACHINE Application November 19, 1931, Serial No. 576,066

2 Claims.

My invention relates to typewriting machines, and more particularly to combined typewriting and computing machines.

Previous to this invention it was necessary,

when operating a power driven combined typewriting and computing'machine such as is disclosed in my application Serial No. 510,941, for the operator to actuate the numeral keys more slowly than the alphabet keys. The reason for this was that the numeral keys at times had to actuate a computing mechanism before they actuated their numeral printing type bars. On the other hand, the alphabet keys did not have to actuate anything except their associated type bars with the result that the carriage escapement mechanism could be actuated at the exact moment when an alphabet type bar struck the printing platen. Because the alphabet keys had no other duties than to actuate their type bars, they 2 were operated froma snatch roll and it was found that the carriage would escape toward the left and settle in its position of rest in such timed relation to the next succeeding alphabet key depression that the operator could manipulate the keys in an even and speedy manner, and

even with long and heavy carriages, the alphabet printing was not slowed up appreciably. However, the numeral keys had to both actuate a computing mechanism and numeral type bars and they had to actuate the computing mechanism before actuating the numeral type bars.

Because of this the snatch roll was not used here but instead power driven cams were used.

These cams operated the computing mechanism during the first half of their cycles and then operated the numeral type bars. Both the numeral type bars and the alphabet type bars operated a common universal bar which, in turn, operated a common carriage escapement mechanism but it was found that the carriage escapement mechanism was operated later in the cycle of operation of a numeral key than in the cycle of operation of an alphabet key. The result was that the carriage did not escape toward the left and come to a position of rest as soon after the depression of a numeral key as it did after the depression of an alphabet key and consequently, especially when long, heavy carriages were used, it was found that if the master dog of the computing mechanism were to operate correctly, the time between successive numeral key depressions would have to be greater than the time between successive alphabet key depressions. Consequently,'the operator was annoyed by the change in cadence whichshe was forced to make when writing letters and then numerals and vice versa. It is, therefore, the main object of this invention to even the cadence of the manual key manipulation in the above mentioned machine, so that the machine operator may concentrate upon her 5 bookkeeping and typewriting without being worried by eccentric key depression timing.

To the above and other ends which will hereinaiter appear, my invention consists in the features of construction, arrangements of parts and i0 combinations of devices set forth in the following description and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings wherein like reference characters indicate corresponding parts 15 in the different views- Fig. 1 is a skeletonized, vertical, fore and aft sectional view of a combined typewriting and computing machine embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged, detail, fragmentary, perspective view of a portion of the motion transmitting connections to the escapement mechanism.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged, detail, fragmentary, sectional view of the same, taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. l and looking in the direction of the arrows at said line.

Figs. 4 and 5 are enlarged, detail, fragmentary, transverse sectional views of the same, taken respectively on the lines 4-4 and 5-4 of Fig. 1, and looking in the direction of the arrows at said lines.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged, detail, fragmentary, perspective view of the universal bar controlled by the actuation of the numeral type bar operating means, together with some of the associated Fig. '1 is an enlarged, detail, fragmentary, vertical sectional view showing some of the parts illustrated in Fig. 6.

The present invention is in the nature of an improvement on the power actuated combined typewriting and computing machine disclosed in my application Serial No. 510,941 filed January 24, 1931, and which is shown in part in the accompanying drawings.

In said machine each numeral printing type bar does not receive its printing stroke until after the computing mechanism has been actuated, and the carriage escapement mechanism is actuated by the numeral printing type bars and such actuation of the escapement mechanism does not take place until the last portion of the printing stroke of a numeral printing type bar. It follows therefore that very little time intervenes between the let-oil" of the carriage and impact 01 the actuated numeral printing type bar. It is 01' course necessary that the carriage shall receive its letter space advance in proper timed relation to the printing and computing operation. Otherwise, the usual lock for the carriage, controlled by the computing mechanism, will not function properly and the machine will be tied up. or the parts will not hmctlon as intended. These deiects do not occur when machines are equipped with carriages up to a certain length, or when the numeral keys are not rapidly p rated. However. when longer carriages are employed and the machine is very rapidly operated, the step-by-step letter-space advance of the is more sluggish than it would be with a lighter carriage and requires more time to overcome inertia. As a result, either an improper operation or a tying up of the machine would follow. or the operator would be compelled to decrease the speed oi. operation.

It is a P rp se of the present invention to overcome these dimculties and to insure the proper advance of the carriage under a rapid operation of the machine whether a relatively short or a relative long carriage is employed.

While I have shown my invention embodied, in the present instance. in a "Remington electrified bookkeeping machine, such as is disclosed in my above entitled application, it should be understood that the invention is not restricted to use in such machine but may be employed in typewriting, or combined typewriting and computing. machines generally, wherever found available.

I will first describe the above mentioned Remington machine, or so much ther'eof as is deemed necessary to arrive at an understanding 0! my invention in its embodiment therein.

A series of key levers ill for the alphabet printing type bars II are tulcrumed on a fulcrum bar It. Each key lever II is provided with afingerkey ilandisreturnedtonormalposition by a returning spring ll. Each lever II has a depending arm ii that coacts with an angular trip lever is that carries an engasing member it. Eachmember licoacts with a pawl i'l tothrow the engaging nose ll thereof into the path of teeth II on a constantly running snatch roll 2.. The snatch roll extends longitudinally beneath the various key levers and is continuously driven from a suitable motor (not shown) as illustrated in my above mentioned application. Each pawl I1 is pivoted to and carried by a lever 2| iulcrumedon thebar i2 andarranged beside the companion key lever ll. Each lever II has an upstanding lug or arm 22 that carries a projecting pin 23 received in a slot in the forwsrdly extending arm of a companion angular leverflmountedtoturnonafixedpivot rod 24. The upper end of each lever 24 carries a laterally projecting pin which is received and works in a slot in the heel of the companion type bar II to move it to printing position.

The heel of each alphabet printing type bar ii is provided with a cam 26 that coacts with a universal bar I mounted for movement fore and aft of the machine. Motion is transmitted through arms 21 on the universal upper end 01 the Ii extensh forming the bifurcation. This pin is received in the bifurcated end of a horizontally disposed link 32, the rear end of which is bifurcated to straddle a headed pin 33 that proiects from the lower end of a dog rocker II. The dog rocker is pivoted at 35 and carries the usual normally engaged loose dog It and a holding dog 81. These dogs coact with an escapement wheel ll operatively connected with a feed pinion II that meshes with the usual feed rack carried by the carriage I. The carriage is of the usual construction and is mounted to travel over the top plate 42 from side-to-side oi the machine under the power of the usual spring drum. not shown.

It will be understood that at each depression of an alphabet printing key II the corresponding pawl I! will be moved into engagement with companion lever II and actuating the companion type bar Ii. The engaged pawl l1 continues to descend until it is disengaged from the snatch roll by an abutment l1- arranged in the path of the pawl. Whentheactuated typebar ll initsprinting stroke reaches some such position as that indicated in dotted lines in Pig. 1. the cam II will have coacted with the universal bar 2! and shifted the dog rocker to start the operation which results in a "let-o letter space movement of the carriage is not efi'ected or completed until the dog rocker returns to normal position under the force of an independent spring (not shown) during the return of the actuated type bar.

In 1: machines the control of the dog rocker from the space key 48 is effected by a crank arm 44 (Pig. 1) that coacts with the lower end of a lever ll, pivoted at I. on a fixed bracket 41. i'lhe upp r arm of the oi the space key 43 results in a clock-wise movement oftheleverllastbepartsareshownin Pig. 1, which moves the link I! rearward and actuates the dog rocker. When the turns to normal position. the independent spring (not shown) ret dog rocker. In the movement of the dog rocker by the space key the link 32 will move fore and art of the machine independently of the universal bar 28, due to the pin and slot connection II, II between said link and the universal bar, or its operating connections.

Each of the numeral printing type bars II and This is also for controlling the escapement mechanism during the actuation of a numeralprintingtypehanaswillbeunderstood gom the description or such parts now to be ven.

As in the above mentioned-Remington electrilied machine there is provided a continuously II on which are Associated with each cam I! is a locking wheel II fixed on the shaft ll beside cam. Alockinglatchuispivotedtoeih cam. andaspringinotshown) tendstolu'esstholatehv into looking of the carriage, although a that it involves a with each arm 6| rack 10 (connected with locking wheel 53 to lock or couple the cam to turn with the shaft during a single revolution of the cam. A trip member 55 is associated with each latch 54 and when in engagement therewith, as indicated in Fig. 1, maintains the latch against the force of its spring out of engagementwith the companion locking wheel, so that the cam thus engaged is held against movement while the shaft 5| revolves independently thereof.

Cooperative with each trip 55 is a depending arm 58 pivoted at 51 on an associated numeral key lever 58. These levers 58 are fulcrumed on the fulcrum bar I2 and each is provided with a finger key 59 and a returning spring like the spring I4. At the depression of any numeral key 58 the associated trip 55 is turned anti-clockwise against the force of its returning spring 60 to release the companion latch 54 and enable it to engage the associated locking wheel 53 and thus lock the companion cam to revolve with the shaft 5|. Before the depressed key lever 58 reaches the bottom of its stroke, its arm 56 slips off the companion trip 55 enabling it to return independently of the key lever to normal position. In such position the trip is in the path of the companion latch 54 so that when the companion cam'52 makes one revolution the latch will be engaged by its trip 55 and moved against the force of its spring to re lease it from the locking wheel with which it was engaged.

Each revolution of a cam'52 brought about in the manner described is eiiective to first operate the computing mechanism and then effect a printing movement of the companion numeral printing type bar, as will now be described.

A series of oscillatory actuating arms or members 5| corresponding in number to the cams 52 are pivoted on a'pivot rod 62. Each arm 5| carries a roller 63 which bears on the periphery of the associated cam 52. A spring 64 coacts to force it towards the shaft 5|, and the effective force of each spring is sufficient to actuate the computing mechanism when the arm is lowered under control of its cam. Connected to the rear end of each arm 8| is an upright link 55 which in turn is connected to a pivoted arm 68. Each of these arms 58 is pivoted to an upwardly extending link 51. Each link 61 is connected to a fan" 58 of the actuator for the computing mechanism. For the purposes of the present invention'the computing mechanism from and above the links 61 may be the well known Wahl 'mechanism used in manually actuated Remington machines and is substantially the same as that disclosed in the patent to Wahl No. 1,270,471 dated June 25, 1918. Such computing mechanism may be the same as that disclosed in my above mentioned application which involves some improvements that need not be disclosed or considered for the purposes of the present invention.

It is unnecessary to further describe this computing mechanism except to point out at this time looking member or dog 59 that is automatically thrown into engagement with a the typewriter carriage) at each computing operation or at each downward movement of an arm 6|. Unless the timed relation in the movement of the carriage to that of the locking dog 89 is accurate then a faulty operation or possibly a tying up of the machine will result. As hereinbefore indicated it is one of the purposes of the present invention to prevent such faulty operation or tying up of the machine.

With the foregoing explanation I will proceed with the description of the construction, it being understood that on the first half revolution of any of the cams 52 the associated arm 8| will be lowered to operate the computing mechanism and turn the master wheel 1| and the wheel 12 in the vertical totalizer 13 which is in mesh therewith, such operation taking place by the force of the companion spring 54 operating on the actuated arm 6|.

Up to this time the companion numeral printing type bar has not been actuated. But as the driven cam 52 completes the second half of its revolution the companion arm 6| will be positively returned by the cam to normal position against the force of its spring 54, and it is at this time that the companion numeral printing type bar is actuated, as will now appear.

The rear end of each arm 6| has a trip or oneway operating device 14 pivoted thereto at 15 and spring-pressed to its normal position against a suitable stop 16 on the companion arm 8| by a spring 11. The trips 14 coact with a series of actuating levers 18 pivoted on a pivot rod 19. Each trip device 14 in the downward movement of its companion arm 6| coacts with the forward end of the associated lever 18 and is turned thereby against the force of the associated spring 11 without at this time communicating any motion to the cooperative lever 18. When, however, the lowered trip 14 passes the forward end of it companion lever 18, said trip will be forced by its spring beneath the forward end of said lever and will actuate it during the upward return movement of the companion arm 6|. This motion of the lever 18 will be communicated to the corr1- panion numeral printing type bar 50. Thus, the rear end of each lever 18 has a pin and slot connection with a companion actuating lever 80 fulcrumed on the fulcrum bar l2 and provided with an upstanding extension 8|. Said extension has a pin and slot connection with a companion bell crank lever 82 that carries a pin 83 its upper end that is received in a slot 84 in the heel of the associated type bar 50. If desired the type bars 50 may have the usual earns 25 cut off or eliminated, as indicated at 85, inasmuch as the universal bar 25 is not, in the present construction, to be actuated by the numeral printing type bars, as is the case in the construction disclosed in my hereinbeiore mentioned application. From the foregoing it will be understood that each cam 52 completes the second half of its revolution, after having brought about a computing operation, the delayed printing operation of the corresponding numeral printing type bar will be efiected. In order however, to overcome the inertia that the use of a comparatively long and heavy, sluggishly moving, carriage entails, I provide special means for actuating the carriage escapement mechanism at an earlier point in the printing stroke of a numeral printing type bar 58 than in the printing stroke of an alphabet printing type bar H, as will now appear.

On the extension 8| of each of the numeral type bar actuating levers 80 there is pivoted at 85 a one-way actuating device or pawl 81. A laterally bent lug 88 on each pawl overlies the companion extension 8| and coacts therewith to limit the movement of the pawl around its pivot 86 in one direction. A spring 89, connected at one end to each pawl and at the other end to a pin 90 on the companion extension, tends to normally maintain the lug 88 against the companion extension. The engaging end or nose 8| of each pawl 81 during its downward movement is adapted to engage a flange 92 of a universal bar designated as a whole by the reference numeral 93. Said universal bar is provided with arms 94 at the ends thereof. Each arm 94 has ahub ll fixed thereto which is tapped to receive a set screw 90. These screws secure the hubs and universal bar 93 to a rock shaft ll suitably mounted atits ends in the frame of the machine.

Motion is transmitted from the rock shaft II to the dog rocker 34 as will now appear. A crank arm 08 has a hub 89 fixed thereto and this hub is secured by a set screw I" to the shaft 81. Depending from the crank arm 98 are two stop 1 fingers ill and I2 on opposite sides of an arresting rod I03 which is available in the present instance to coact with the stopfingers Ill and I02, although originally employed for another purpose.- The upper end of the crank arm I is connected to one end of a contractile spring I, the opposite end of which is anchored to a fixed plate I05, The force of this spring is exerted to return the crank arm 88 and'the parts connected therewith to normal position, with the stop finger iili arrested by the rod It,

The crank arm 8| is pivoted at I" to a rearwardly and upwardly extending link I"; a leaf spring I08 affording a detachment of the link from said crank arm. The rear end of the link III is pivoted at I09 to'a lever I"; a leaf spring iii affording a detachment of said link I" from the lever. The lever Ill is mounted at its lower end to turn on the pivot It supported by the bracket 41 and extends upward in front of a ing 2 secured to and projecting laterally from the link 32. It will be understood, therefore, that a rearward actuation of the link I01 results in effecting a rearward movement of the link I! to operate the dog rocker 34 in the same manner so that such link is actuated by the universal bar 26 but earlier in the printing stroke of the type bar. This is evidenced by aconsideration of Fig. 1 in which the dotted line position of a numeral printing type bar I. indicates approximate- 45 ly the point in its printing stroke when the dog rocker is actuated under control of the universal bar 93 to afford a let-of! of the carriage.

From the foregoing it will be understood that even though the timed relation inthe operation oi the parts is such that a numeral printing type bar I0 is delayed until after the computing mechanism has been actuated, and the second hali revolution of the associated cam i2 is taking place, the escapement mechanism will.

nevertheless, be operated very early in the printing stroke of such type bar, as illustrated by the dotted line showing of the type bar 50 in Fig. l. The effect of this is to give the full time that it takes a type bar It to move from its dotted line so position in Fig. 1 to printirm position to enable the carriage to overcome inertia and be set in motion; Such time is ample to compensate for the delayed operation of the type bar II and to overcome the dimculties hereinbefore pointed out.

as I have hereinbefore pointed out that thestop I02 is capable of coacting with the rod I to arrest the actuating movement of the crank arm as and the parts controlled thereby. and have so shown the stop III in dotted lines in Fig. 7. 70 It should be understood, however, that in the numeral keys, a separate l ordinary operation of the parts such actuation does not take place and that ordinarily considerably less movement is given to the universal bar 03 than is indicated in Fig. "I; the actuated pawl l'l slipping oil the ledge 02 of the universal bar at before such bar has attained the dotted line position shown in Fig. 'i, and affording an instantaneousreturn of the universal bar to normal position, thus completing the operating cycle required to give a full letter-space advance to the carriage. The purpose in providing the stop III is to limit the extreme movement of the parts they might occasionally receive in the absence of such stop by an overthrow in the action of the parts and to prevent them from ever attaining a position where a pawl 81 could coact with the flange Ill instead of with the flange .1 of the universal bar 03.

It will be understood that ass pawl l1 descends the lower end ll thereof will engage the flange l2 and at this time the front edge of the pawl will coact with the flange Iii andthe lug II on the pawl will be held-against the extension 8|, as shown in full lines in Fig. 7. As the pawl continues its descent it will carry the universal bar 93 with it and as the latter turns around its pivotal center n the flange III will turn the pawl around its pivot 86 against the force of the pawl spring ll. lifting the stoplug II at! the extension 8|, as shown in dotted lines inl 'lg. '7. The effect of this. pivotal movement of the actuated pawl ll around its pivot l is to disengage the pawl from the flange '2 and permit the instantaneous independent return of the universal bar. as pointed out above.

Various changes may be made in the construction. and parts thereof may be eliminated, without departing from my invention as it is defined in the accompanying claims.

.whatlclaimasnewanddesiretosecureby Letters Patent is:

1. In a power actuated combined typewriting and-computing machine. the combination of a carriage, escapement mechanism therefor, numeral printing type bars. computing mechanism, power actuated means for first actuating laid computing mechanism and then operating the corresponding numeral printing type bar, a universai bar actuated by a part of said last mentioned power actuated meansat the of the operation of said numeral printing type bar. 1

-2. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination of numeral type bars. numeral keys, a carriage. escapement mechanism for said carriage, individual cams which may be set into operation by operation of said ocking member for each cam and controllable by. its respective cam for movement from normal position to position to render it effective with relation to a respective numeral type bar and then back to normal position, and means operable by each of the rocking members for eilecting a printing blow by the respective numeral type bar and for effecting operation of said escapement mechanism at the beginning of, the return movement of said rocking member.

FREDERICK A. HART. 

